tutorial
This commit is contained in:
parent
d980fdb944
commit
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8 changed files with 880 additions and 17 deletions
12
README.md
12
README.md
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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https://code.activestate.com/recipes/579048-python-mandelbrot-fractal-with-tkinter/
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https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9886274/how-can-i-convert-canvas-content-to-an-image
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https://tkdocs.com/tutorial/text.html
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https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33084097/tkinter-really-all-complete-event-list
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https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4172659/master-list-of-all-tkinter-events
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https://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.5/TkCmd/bind.htm#M7
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* https://code.activestate.com/recipes/579048-python-mandelbrot-fractal-with-tkinter/
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* https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9886274/how-can-i-convert-canvas-content-to-an-image
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* https://tkdocs.com/tutorial/text.html
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* https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33084097/tkinter-really-all-complete-event-list
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* https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4172659/master-list-of-all-tkinter-events
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* https://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.5/TkCmd/bind.htm#M7
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100
editor.py
100
editor.py
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@ -1,32 +1,111 @@
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import network
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import tkinter as tk
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from tkinter import ttk, filedialog, colorchooser
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import sys
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listen_addr = ("0.0.0.0", int(sys.argv[1]))
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send_addr = ("192.168.0.255", int(sys.argv[2]))
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send_addr = ("192.168.1.255", int(sys.argv[2]))
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sock = network.Sock()
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waiting_for_text = True
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root = tk.Tk()
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area = tk.Text()
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area.pack()
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def foo():
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print("foo")
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root.option_add('*tearOff', False)
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menubar = tk.Menu(root)
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root['menu'] = menubar
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menu_file = tk.Menu(menubar)
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menu_edit = tk.Menu(menubar)
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menubar.add_cascade(menu=menu_file, label='File')
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menubar.add_cascade(menu=menu_edit, label='Edit')
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menu_file.add_command(label='New', command=foo)
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area = tk.Text(root)
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area.grid(column=0, row=1, sticky=(tk.N, tk.S, tk.E, tk.W))
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area_scrolly = ttk.Scrollbar(root, orient=tk.VERTICAL, command=area.yview)
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area_scrolly.grid(column=1, row=1, sticky=(tk.N, tk.S, tk.E, tk.W))
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area.configure(yscrollcommand=area_scrolly.set)
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canvas = tk.Canvas(root, background='white')
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canvas.grid(column=2, row=1, sticky=(tk.N, tk.S, tk.E, tk.W))
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canvas_last_x = 0
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canvas_last_y = 0
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def canvas_save_pos(event):
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global canvas_last_x, canvas_last_y
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canvas_last_x = event.x
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canvas_last_y = event.y
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def canvas_move(event):
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canvas.create_line(canvas_last_x, canvas_last_y, event.x, event.y)
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sock.send({"type":"create_line", "x1":canvas_last_x, "y1":canvas_last_y, "x2":event.x, "y2":event.y}, send_addr)
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canvas_save_pos(event)
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def canvas_click(event):
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print(colorchooser.askcolor(initialcolor='black'))
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canvas.bind("<Button-1>", canvas_save_pos)
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canvas.bind("<B1-Motion>", canvas_move)
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canvas.bind("<Button-3>", canvas_click)
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root.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
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root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
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root.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
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def on_save_bt():
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path = tk.filedialog.asksaveasfilename(filetypes=[("Fichier texte", ".txt")])
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file = open(path, "w")
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file.write(area.get("1.0", "end"))
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toolbar = ttk.Frame(root)
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toolbar.grid(column=0, row=0, columnspan=2, sticky=(tk.N, tk.S, tk.E, tk.W))
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save_bt = ttk.Button(toolbar, text="Enregistrer", command=on_save_bt)
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save_bt.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=(tk.W))
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open_bt = ttk.Button(toolbar, text="Ouvrir")
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open_bt.grid(column=1, row=0, sticky=(tk.W))
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def diff(old, new):
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index = 0
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if len(old) > len(new):
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for i in range(len()):
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pass
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line = 1
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char = 0
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for i in range(min(len(old), len(new))):
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if old[i] != new[i]:
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return {
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"type": "replace",
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"start": str(line)+"."+str(char),
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"end": 0,
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"text": new[i:i+abs(len(old)-len(new))]
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}
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char += 1
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if old[i] == "\n":
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line += 1
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char = 0
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return {
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"type": "insert",
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"start": "end",
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"text": new[i:i+abs(len(old)-len(new))]
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}
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def area_input(event):
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def on_area_input(event):
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#print(area.get("1.0", "end"))
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print(event)
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sock.send({"type":"insert", "start":"1.0", "text":area.get("1.0", "end")}, send_addr)
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#sock.send({"type":"insert", "start":"1.0", "text":area.get("1.0", "end")}, send_addr)
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sock.send({"type":"replace", "start":"1.0", "end":"end", "text":area.get("1.0", "end")}, send_addr)
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#if event.keycode == 25:
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# area.mark_set("insert", "1.0")
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area.bind("<KeyRelease>", on_area_input)
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area.bind("<B3-Motion>", on_area_input)
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def on_request(r):
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global waiting_for_text
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print(r)
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@ -41,9 +120,8 @@ def on_request(r):
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area.replace(c["start"], c["end"], c["text"])
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elif c["type"] == "get":
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sock.send({"type":"set", "text":area.get("1.0", "end")}, send_addr)
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area.insert("1.0", r[1])
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area.bind("<KeyRelease>", area_input)
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elif c["type"] == "create_line":
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canvas.create_line(c["x1"], c["y1"], c["x2"], c["y2"])
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sock.listen(listen_addr, on_request)
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7
makefile
Executable file
7
makefile
Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
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all: tutorial.pdf
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tutorial.pdf: tutorial.html
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wkhtmltopdf -s A4 --footer-center "[page] / [topage]" --footer-font-name "Libertinus Sans" --footer-font-size 11 --header-left "[subsection]" --header-right "[title]" --header-font-name "Libertinus Sans" --header-font-size 11 --margin-top 20mm --footer-spacing 7 --header-spacing 7 --margin-bottom 20mm tutorial.html tutorial.pdf
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tutorial.html: tutorial.md tutorial-head.html
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pandoc tutorial.md -o tutorial.html --self-contained -M title="Tutoriel Tkinter" --highlight-style pygments -H tutorial-head.html || exit 1
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21
skeleton.py
Normal file
21
skeleton.py
Normal file
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import network
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import tkinter as tk
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from tkinter import ttk
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import sys
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listen_addr = ("0.0.0.0", 4444)
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send_addr = ("192.168.1.255", 4444)
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sock = network.Sock()
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root = tk.Tk()
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def on_request(r):
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c, a = r
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print(c, a)
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sock.listen(listen_addr, on_request)
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sock.send({"message":"bonjour"}, send_addr)
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root.mainloop()
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33
tutorial-head.html
Normal file
33
tutorial-head.html
Normal file
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<style type="text/css">
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body {
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font-family: "Libertinus Sans";
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max-width: 80% !important;
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font-size: 13pt !important;
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}
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h2 {
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border-bottom: 2pt solid black;
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}
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h3 {
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border-bottom: 1pt solid black;
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}
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h4 {
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border-bottom: 1pt solid #ccc;
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}
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div.sourceCode {
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margin-left: -5px;
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border-left: 1px dashed #ccc;
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padding-left: 4px;
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}
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div.sourceCode code {
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font-size: 10pt !important;
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}
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code {
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font-family: "Fira Code" !important;
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}
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p code {
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padding-left: 4px;
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}
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header {
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margin-top: 1cm;
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}
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</style>
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452
tutorial.html
Normal file
452
tutorial.html
Normal file
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang xml:lang>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8" />
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<meta name="generator" content="pandoc" />
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes" />
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<title>Tutoriel Tkinter</title>
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<style>
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html {
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line-height: 1.5;
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font-family: Georgia, serif;
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font-size: 20px;
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color: #1a1a1a;
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background-color: #fdfdfd;
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}
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body {
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margin: 0 auto;
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max-width: 36em;
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padding-left: 50px;
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padding-right: 50px;
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padding-top: 50px;
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padding-bottom: 50px;
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hyphens: auto;
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overflow-wrap: break-word;
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text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
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font-kerning: normal;
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}
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@media (max-width: 600px) {
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body {
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font-size: 0.9em;
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padding: 1em;
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}
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h1 {
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font-size: 1.8em;
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}
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}
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@media print {
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body {
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background-color: transparent;
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color: black;
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font-size: 12pt;
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}
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p, h2, h3 {
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orphans: 3;
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widows: 3;
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}
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h2, h3, h4 {
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page-break-after: avoid;
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}
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}
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p {
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margin: 1em 0;
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}
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a {
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color: #1a1a1a;
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}
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a:visited {
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color: #1a1a1a;
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}
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img {
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max-width: 100%;
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}
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h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
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margin-top: 1.4em;
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}
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h5, h6 {
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font-size: 1em;
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font-style: italic;
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}
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h6 {
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font-weight: normal;
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}
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ol, ul {
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padding-left: 1.7em;
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margin-top: 1em;
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}
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li > ol, li > ul {
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margin-top: 0;
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}
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blockquote {
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margin: 1em 0 1em 1.7em;
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padding-left: 1em;
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border-left: 2px solid #e6e6e6;
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color: #606060;
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}
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code {
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font-family: Menlo, Monaco, 'Lucida Console', Consolas, monospace;
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font-size: 85%;
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margin: 0;
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}
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pre {
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margin: 1em 0;
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overflow: auto;
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}
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pre code {
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padding: 0;
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overflow: visible;
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overflow-wrap: normal;
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}
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.sourceCode {
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background-color: transparent;
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overflow: visible;
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}
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hr {
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background-color: #1a1a1a;
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border: none;
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height: 1px;
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margin: 1em 0;
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}
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table {
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margin: 1em 0;
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border-collapse: collapse;
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width: 100%;
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overflow-x: auto;
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display: block;
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font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums;
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}
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table caption {
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margin-bottom: 0.75em;
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}
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tbody {
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margin-top: 0.5em;
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border-top: 1px solid #1a1a1a;
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border-bottom: 1px solid #1a1a1a;
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}
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th {
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border-top: 1px solid #1a1a1a;
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padding: 0.25em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em;
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}
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td {
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padding: 0.125em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em;
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}
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header {
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margin-bottom: 4em;
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text-align: center;
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}
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#TOC li {
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list-style: none;
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}
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#TOC ul {
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padding-left: 1.3em;
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}
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#TOC > ul {
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padding-left: 0;
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}
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#TOC a:not(:hover) {
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text-decoration: none;
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}
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code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
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span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
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span.underline{text-decoration: underline;}
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div.column{display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;}
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div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;}
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ul.task-list{list-style: none;}
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pre > code.sourceCode { white-space: pre; position: relative; }
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pre > code.sourceCode > span { display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25; }
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pre > code.sourceCode > span:empty { height: 1.2em; }
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.sourceCode { overflow: visible; }
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code.sourceCode > span { color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; }
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div.sourceCode { margin: 1em 0; }
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pre.sourceCode { margin: 0; }
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@media screen {
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div.sourceCode { overflow: auto; }
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}
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@media print {
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pre > code.sourceCode { white-space: pre-wrap; }
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pre > code.sourceCode > span { text-indent: -5em; padding-left: 5em; }
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}
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pre.numberSource code
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{ counter-reset: source-line 0; }
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pre.numberSource code > span
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{ position: relative; left: -4em; counter-increment: source-line; }
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pre.numberSource code > span > a:first-child::before
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{ content: counter(source-line);
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position: relative; left: -1em; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline;
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border: none; display: inline-block;
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-webkit-touch-callout: none; -webkit-user-select: none;
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-khtml-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none;
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||||
-ms-user-select: none; user-select: none;
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padding: 0 4px; width: 4em;
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||||
color: #aaaaaa;
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}
|
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pre.numberSource { margin-left: 3em; border-left: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding-left: 4px; }
|
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div.sourceCode
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{ }
|
||||
@media screen {
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||||
pre > code.sourceCode > span > a:first-child::before { text-decoration: underline; }
|
||||
}
|
||||
code span.al { color: #ff0000; font-weight: bold; } /* Alert */
|
||||
code span.an { color: #60a0b0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; } /* Annotation */
|
||||
code span.at { color: #7d9029; } /* Attribute */
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||||
code span.bn { color: #40a070; } /* BaseN */
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||||
code span.bu { color: #008000; } /* BuiltIn */
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||||
code span.cf { color: #007020; font-weight: bold; } /* ControlFlow */
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code span.ch { color: #4070a0; } /* Char */
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||||
code span.cn { color: #880000; } /* Constant */
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||||
code span.co { color: #60a0b0; font-style: italic; } /* Comment */
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code span.cv { color: #60a0b0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; } /* CommentVar */
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code span.do { color: #ba2121; font-style: italic; } /* Documentation */
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code span.dt { color: #902000; } /* DataType */
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||||
code span.dv { color: #40a070; } /* DecVal */
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||||
code span.er { color: #ff0000; font-weight: bold; } /* Error */
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||||
code span.ex { } /* Extension */
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||||
code span.fl { color: #40a070; } /* Float */
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code span.fu { color: #06287e; } /* Function */
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code span.im { color: #008000; font-weight: bold; } /* Import */
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code span.in { color: #60a0b0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; } /* Information */
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||||
code span.kw { color: #007020; font-weight: bold; } /* Keyword */
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code span.op { color: #666666; } /* Operator */
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||||
code span.ot { color: #007020; } /* Other */
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||||
code span.pp { color: #bc7a00; } /* Preprocessor */
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||||
code span.sc { color: #4070a0; } /* SpecialChar */
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||||
code span.ss { color: #bb6688; } /* SpecialString */
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||||
code span.st { color: #4070a0; } /* String */
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||||
code span.va { color: #19177c; } /* Variable */
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||||
code span.vs { color: #4070a0; } /* VerbatimString */
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code span.wa { color: #60a0b0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; } /* Warning */
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.display.math{display: block; text-align: center; margin: 0.5rem auto;}
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</style>
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<style type="text/css">
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body {
|
||||
font-family: "Libertinus Sans";
|
||||
max-width: 80% !important;
|
||||
font-size: 13pt !important;
|
||||
}
|
||||
h2 {
|
||||
border-bottom: 2pt solid black;
|
||||
}
|
||||
h3 {
|
||||
border-bottom: 1pt solid black;
|
||||
}
|
||||
h4 {
|
||||
border-bottom: 1pt solid #ccc;
|
||||
}
|
||||
div.sourceCode {
|
||||
margin-left: -5px;
|
||||
border-left: 1px dashed #ccc;
|
||||
padding-left: 4px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
div.sourceCode code {
|
||||
font-size: 10pt !important;
|
||||
}
|
||||
code {
|
||||
font-family: "Fira Code" !important;
|
||||
}
|
||||
p code {
|
||||
padding-left: 4px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
header {
|
||||
margin-top: 1cm;
|
||||
}
|
||||
</style>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<header id="title-block-header">
|
||||
<h1 class="title">Tutoriel Tkinter</h1>
|
||||
</header>
|
||||
<h1 id="tutoriel-tkinter">Tutoriel Tkinter</h1>
|
||||
<p>Pour aller plus loin : <a href="https://tkdocs.com/tutorial/index.html">TkDocs Tutorial</a></p>
|
||||
<h2 id="code-de-base">Code de base</h2>
|
||||
<p>Créer une fenêtre vide :</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> tkinter <span class="im">as</span> tk</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">from</span> tkinter <span class="im">import</span> ttk</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb1-4"><a href="#cb1-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>root <span class="op">=</span> tk.Tk()</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb1-5"><a href="#cb1-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb1-6"><a href="#cb1-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>root.mainloop()</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>Ajouter des boutons dans la fenêtre :</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> tkinter <span class="im">as</span> tk</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">from</span> tkinter <span class="im">import</span> ttk</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>root <span class="op">=</span> tk.Tk()</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-6"><a href="#cb2-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>bt1 <span class="op">=</span> ttk.Button(root, text<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"Bonjour"</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-7"><a href="#cb2-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>bt1.grid(column<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">0</span>, row<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">0</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-8"><a href="#cb2-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-9"><a href="#cb2-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>bt2 <span class="op">=</span> ttk.Button(root, text<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"Au revoir"</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-10"><a href="#cb2-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>bt2.grid(column<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">1</span>, row<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">0</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-11"><a href="#cb2-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb2-12"><a href="#cb2-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>root.mainloop()</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h3 id="positionnement">Positionnement</h3>
|
||||
<p>On peut changer le nombre de colonnes ou de lignes occupées par un
|
||||
widget en ajoutant les paramètres <code>columnspan</code> ou
|
||||
<code>rowspan</code> en plus de <code>column</code> et
|
||||
<code>row</code>.</p>
|
||||
<p>Pour coller un widget au bord de la grille, on peut ajouter
|
||||
<code>sticky</code> :</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>bt2.grid(column<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">1</span>, row<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">0</span>, sticky<span class="op">=</span>(tk.W, tk.N))</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p><code>sticky</code> prend une liste de 0 à 4 éléments parmi :</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><code>tk.E</code> : <em>East</em> = droite</li>
|
||||
<li><code>tk.N</code> : <em>North</em> = haut</li>
|
||||
<li><code>tk.S</code> : <em>South</em> = bas</li>
|
||||
<li><code>tk.W</code> : <em>West</em> = gauche</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<h3 id="redimensionner-la-fenêtre">Redimensionner la fenêtre</h3>
|
||||
<p>Il faut indiquer quelles lignes et colonnes doivent changer de taille
|
||||
quand la fenêtre change de taille.</p>
|
||||
<p>Dans cet exemple, ce sont la ligne 1 et la colonne 0.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>root.rowconfigure(<span class="dv">1</span>, weight<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">1</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>root.columnconfigure(<span class="dv">0</span>, weight<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">1</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>On peut appeler plusieurs fois ces fonctions pour choisir plusieurs
|
||||
lignes et colonnes, et changer les <code>weight</code> pour modifier les
|
||||
proportions.</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="widgets">Widgets</h2>
|
||||
<p>Tous les widgets peuvent être positionnés avec <code>grid</code>, de
|
||||
la même manière que ci-dessus.</p>
|
||||
<h3 id="label">Label</h3>
|
||||
<p>Juste du texte.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>label <span class="op">=</span> ttk.Label(root, text<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"Je suis un texte. Wow."</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>On peut aussi modifier le texte plus tard :</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>label_text <span class="op">=</span> tk.StringVar()</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>label[<span class="st">"textvariable"</span>] <span class="op">=</span> label_text</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>label_text.<span class="bu">set</span>(<span class="st">"Le nouveau texte. Tout ça pour ça !"</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h3 id="bouton">Bouton</h3>
|
||||
<p>Un bouton qu’on peut cliquer.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">def</span> onclick():</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">"On a cliqué"</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb7-4"><a href="#cb7-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>bt <span class="op">=</span> ttk.Button(root, text<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"Cliquez-moi"</span>, command<span class="op">=</span>onclick)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h3 id="image">Image</h3>
|
||||
<p>Un bouton ou un label peut afficher une image :</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>img <span class="op">=</span> tk.PhotoImage(<span class="bu">file</span><span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'image.png'</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>label[<span class="st">"image"</span>] <span class="op">=</span> img</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h3 id="entrée-de-texte">Entrée de texte</h3>
|
||||
<p>Boîte dans laquelle on peut écrire une ligne de texte.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>text <span class="op">=</span> tk.StringVar()</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb9-2"><a href="#cb9-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>entry <span class="op">=</span> ttk.Entry(root, textvariable<span class="op">=</span>text)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>Plus tard, on peut récupérer le texte :</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">"L'utilisateur a écrit :"</span>, text.get())</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h3 id="entrée-de-texte-multiligne">Entrée de texte multiligne</h3>
|
||||
<p>Zone dans laquelle on peut écrire du texte en plusieurs lignes.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>text <span class="op">=</span> tk.Text(root)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>Il y a plusieurs méthodes pour interagir avec le texte :</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(area.get(<span class="st">"1.0"</span>, <span class="st">"end"</span>)) <span class="co"># obtenir tout le texte</span></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(area.get(<span class="st">"2.0"</span>, <span class="st">"8.0"</span>)) <span class="co"># le texte de la ligne 2 à la ligne 8</span></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>area.replace(<span class="st">"1.0"</span>, <span class="st">"end"</span>, <span class="st">"le nouveau texte"</span>) <span class="co"># remplacer du texte</span></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb12-4"><a href="#cb12-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>area.insert(<span class="st">"1.0"</span>, <span class="st">"le nouveau texte"</span>) <span class="co"># insérer du texte</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h3 id="barre-de-défilement">Barre de défilement</h3>
|
||||
<p>Certains widgets (<code>Text</code>) peuvent défiler avec la molette,
|
||||
mais pour afficher la barre de défilement il faut un widget
|
||||
supplémentaire.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb13-1"><a href="#cb13-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>scroll <span class="op">=</span> ttk.Scrollbar(root, orient<span class="op">=</span>tk.VERTICAL, command<span class="op">=</span>mon_widget_qui_défile.yview)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb13-2"><a href="#cb13-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>scroll.grid(column<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">1</span>, row<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">0</span>, sticky<span class="op">=</span>(tk.N, tk.S, tk.E, tk.W))</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb13-3"><a href="#cb13-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>mon_widget_qui_défile.configure(yscrollcommand<span class="op">=</span>scroll.<span class="bu">set</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h3 id="cadre">Cadre</h3>
|
||||
<p>Un cadre qui peut avoir une bordure et contenir d’autres widgets.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb14-1"><a href="#cb14-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>frame <span class="op">=</span> ttk.Frame(root, borderwidth<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">5</span>, relief<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"ridge"</span>, width<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">200</span>, height<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">100</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>Les options ne sont pas obligatoires.</p>
|
||||
<p>Le cadre contient ses propres lignes et colonnes. Pour placer des
|
||||
widgets dedans, il suffit de remplacer <code>root</code> par
|
||||
<code>frame</code> en les créant.</p>
|
||||
<h3 id="barre-de-menus">Barre de menus</h3>
|
||||
<p>La barre de menus en haut de la fenêtre.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb15-1"><a href="#cb15-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>root.option_add(<span class="st">'*tearOff'</span>, <span class="va">False</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-2"><a href="#cb15-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>menubar <span class="op">=</span> tk.Menu(root)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-3"><a href="#cb15-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>root[<span class="st">'menu'</span>] <span class="op">=</span> menubar</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-4"><a href="#cb15-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-5"><a href="#cb15-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>menu_file <span class="op">=</span> tk.Menu(menubar)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-6"><a href="#cb15-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>menu_edit <span class="op">=</span> tk.Menu(menubar)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-7"><a href="#cb15-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-8"><a href="#cb15-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>menubar.add_cascade(menu<span class="op">=</span>menu_file, label<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'Fichier'</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-9"><a href="#cb15-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>menubar.add_cascade(menu<span class="op">=</span>menu_edit, label<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'Édition'</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-10"><a href="#cb15-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb15-11"><a href="#cb15-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>menu_file.add_command(label<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'Ouvrir'</span>, command<span class="op">=</span>on_open)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h3 id="canevas">Canevas</h3>
|
||||
<p>Le canevas est une zone de dessin.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb16-1"><a href="#cb16-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>canvas <span class="op">=</span> tk.Canvas(root, background<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'white'</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>On peut y dessiner des formes :</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb17-1"><a href="#cb17-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>canvas.create_line(x1, y1, x2, y2)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb17-2"><a href="#cb17-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>canvas.create_line(x1, y1, x2, y2, fill<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"red"</span>, width<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">3</span>, dash<span class="op">=</span><span class="dv">6</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb17-3"><a href="#cb17-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>canvas.create_rectangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, fill<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"red"</span>, outline<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"blue"</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb17-4"><a href="#cb17-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>canvas.create_oval(x1, y1, x2, y2, fill<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"red"</span>, outline<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">"blue"</span>)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h2 id="événements">Événements</h2>
|
||||
<p>Quand il se passe quelque chose sur un widget, un événement est
|
||||
généré. On peut écouter les événements de certains types, c’est-à-dire
|
||||
lancer une fonction quand l’action se produit.</p>
|
||||
<p>Par exemple, on affiche des informations quand une touche du clavier
|
||||
est relâchée dans la zone de texte :</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb18"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb18-1"><a href="#cb18-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>text <span class="op">=</span> tk.Text(root)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb18-2"><a href="#cb18-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb18-3"><a href="#cb18-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="kw">def</span> onrelease(event):</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb18-4"><a href="#cb18-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="st">"On a frappé le clavier !"</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb18-5"><a href="#cb18-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="bu">print</span>(event)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb18-6"><a href="#cb18-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb18-7"><a href="#cb18-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>area.bind(<span class="st">"<KeyRelease>"</span>, onrelease)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>On peut aussi utiliser les infos contenues dans l’événement, par
|
||||
exemple <code>event.keycode</code>.</p>
|
||||
<h3 id="liste-des-événements">Liste des événements</h3>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>Souris
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><code>ButtonPress</code>: clic enfoncé d’un bouton de la souris</li>
|
||||
<li><code>Button-1</code>: comme <code>ButtonPress</code> mais seulement
|
||||
pour le clic gauche</li>
|
||||
<li><code>Button-2</code>: comme <code>ButtonPress</code> mais seulement
|
||||
pour le clic molette</li>
|
||||
<li><code>Button-3</code>: comme <code>ButtonPress</code> mais seulement
|
||||
pour le clic droit</li>
|
||||
<li><code>ButtonRelease</code>: clic relâché d’un bouton de la
|
||||
souris</li>
|
||||
<li><code>Double-1</code>: double-clic gauche</li>
|
||||
<li><code>Double-3</code>: double-clic droit</li>
|
||||
<li><code>Enter</code>: le pointeur de la souris entre</li>
|
||||
<li><code>Leave</code>: le pointeur de la souris sort</li>
|
||||
<li><code>Motion</code>: le pointeur de la souris bouge dedans</li>
|
||||
<li><code>B1-Motion</code>: comme <code>Motion</code> mais avec le clic
|
||||
gauche enfoncé</li>
|
||||
<li><code>B2-Motion</code>: comme <code>Motion</code> mais avec le clic
|
||||
molette enfoncé</li>
|
||||
<li><code>B3-Motion</code>: comme <code>Motion</code> mais avec le clic
|
||||
droit enfoncé</li>
|
||||
</ul></li>
|
||||
<li>Clavier
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><code>KeyPress</code>: appui d’une touche du clavier</li>
|
||||
<li><code>KeyRelease</code>: relâche d’une touche du clavier</li>
|
||||
</ul></li>
|
||||
<li>Widget
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><code>Configure</code>: le widget est créé</li>
|
||||
<li><code>Expose</code>: le widget est affiché ou réaffiché</li>
|
||||
<li><code>FocusIn</code>: le widget reçoit le focus</li>
|
||||
<li><code>FocusOut</code>: le widget pert le focus</li>
|
||||
</ul></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<h2 id="dialogues">Dialogues</h2>
|
||||
<p>On peut ouvrir des fenêtres pour dire ou demander des choses.</p>
|
||||
<h3 id="fichiers">Fichiers</h3>
|
||||
<p>Demander où enregistrer un fichier, quel fichier ouvrir, choisir un
|
||||
dossier.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb19-1"><a href="#cb19-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">from</span> tkinter <span class="im">import</span> filedialog</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb19-2"><a href="#cb19-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb19-3"><a href="#cb19-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>filetypes <span class="op">=</span> [</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb19-4"><a href="#cb19-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> (<span class="st">"Texte"</span>, <span class="st">"*.txt"</span>),</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb19-5"><a href="#cb19-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> (<span class="st">"Image PNG"</span>, <span class="st">"*.png"</span>),</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb19-6"><a href="#cb19-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> (<span class="st">"Autre"</span>, <span class="st">"*.*"</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb19-7"><a href="#cb19-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>]</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb19-8"><a href="#cb19-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>chemin <span class="op">=</span> tk.filedialog.asksaveasfilename(filetypes<span class="op">=</span>filetypes)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb19-9"><a href="#cb19-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(chemin)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>On peut remplacer <code>asksaveasfilename</code> par
|
||||
<code>askopenfilename</code> ou <code>askdirectory</code>.</p>
|
||||
<h3 id="couleur">Couleur</h3>
|
||||
<p>Demander de choisir une couleur.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="sourceCode python"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb20-1"><a href="#cb20-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">from</span> tkinter <span class="im">import</span> colorchooser</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb20-2"><a href="#cb20-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
|
||||
<span id="cb20-3"><a href="#cb20-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>color <span class="op">=</span> colorchooser.askcolor(initialcolor<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">'black'</span>)</span>
|
||||
<span id="cb20-4"><a href="#cb20-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(color)</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>On peut aussi indiquer la couleur initiale avec sa notation
|
||||
hexadécimale <code>"#000000"</code>.</p>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
272
tutorial.md
Normal file
272
tutorial.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
|
|||
# Tutoriel Tkinter
|
||||
|
||||
Pour aller plus loin : [TkDocs Tutorial](https://tkdocs.com/tutorial/index.html)
|
||||
|
||||
## Code de base
|
||||
|
||||
Créer une fenêtre vide :
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
import tkinter as tk
|
||||
from tkinter import ttk
|
||||
|
||||
root = tk.Tk()
|
||||
|
||||
root.mainloop()
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Ajouter des boutons dans la fenêtre :
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
import tkinter as tk
|
||||
from tkinter import ttk
|
||||
|
||||
root = tk.Tk()
|
||||
|
||||
bt1 = ttk.Button(root, text="Bonjour")
|
||||
bt1.grid(column=0, row=0)
|
||||
|
||||
bt2 = ttk.Button(root, text="Au revoir")
|
||||
bt2.grid(column=1, row=0)
|
||||
|
||||
root.mainloop()
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Positionnement
|
||||
|
||||
On peut changer le nombre de colonnes ou de lignes occupées par un widget en ajoutant les paramètres `columnspan` ou `rowspan` en plus de `column` et `row`.
|
||||
|
||||
Pour coller un widget au bord de la grille, on peut ajouter `sticky` :
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
bt2.grid(column=1, row=0, sticky=(tk.W, tk.N))
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
`sticky` prend une liste de 0 à 4 éléments parmi :
|
||||
|
||||
* `tk.E` : _East_ = droite
|
||||
* `tk.N` : _North_ = haut
|
||||
* `tk.S` : _South_ = bas
|
||||
* `tk.W` : _West_ = gauche
|
||||
|
||||
### Redimensionner la fenêtre
|
||||
|
||||
Il faut indiquer quelles lignes et colonnes doivent changer de taille quand la fenêtre change de taille.
|
||||
|
||||
Dans cet exemple, ce sont la ligne 1 et la colonne 0.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
root.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
|
||||
root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
On peut appeler plusieurs fois ces fonctions pour choisir plusieurs lignes et colonnes, et changer les `weight` pour modifier les proportions.
|
||||
|
||||
## Widgets
|
||||
|
||||
Tous les widgets peuvent être positionnés avec `grid`, de la même manière que ci-dessus.
|
||||
|
||||
### Label
|
||||
|
||||
Juste du texte.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
label = ttk.Label(root, text="Je suis un texte. Wow.")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
On peut aussi modifier le texte plus tard :
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
label_text = tk.StringVar()
|
||||
label["textvariable"] = label_text
|
||||
label_text.set("Le nouveau texte. Tout ça pour ça !")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Bouton
|
||||
|
||||
Un bouton qu'on peut cliquer.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
def onclick():
|
||||
print("On a cliqué")
|
||||
|
||||
bt = ttk.Button(root, text="Cliquez-moi", command=onclick)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Image
|
||||
|
||||
Un bouton ou un label peut afficher une image :
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
img = tk.PhotoImage(file='image.png')
|
||||
label["image"] = img
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Entrée de texte
|
||||
|
||||
Boîte dans laquelle on peut écrire une ligne de texte.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
text = tk.StringVar()
|
||||
entry = ttk.Entry(root, textvariable=text)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Plus tard, on peut récupérer le texte :
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
print("L'utilisateur a écrit :", text.get())
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Entrée de texte multiligne
|
||||
|
||||
Zone dans laquelle on peut écrire du texte en plusieurs lignes.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
text = tk.Text(root)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Il y a plusieurs méthodes pour interagir avec le texte :
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
print(area.get("1.0", "end")) # obtenir tout le texte
|
||||
print(area.get("2.0", "8.0")) # le texte de la ligne 2 à la ligne 8
|
||||
area.replace("1.0", "end", "le nouveau texte") # remplacer du texte
|
||||
area.insert("1.0", "le nouveau texte") # insérer du texte
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Barre de défilement
|
||||
|
||||
Certains widgets (`Text`) peuvent défiler avec la molette, mais pour afficher la barre de défilement il faut un widget supplémentaire.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
scroll = ttk.Scrollbar(root, orient=tk.VERTICAL, command=mon_widget_qui_défile.yview)
|
||||
scroll.grid(column=1, row=0, sticky=(tk.N, tk.S, tk.E, tk.W))
|
||||
mon_widget_qui_défile.configure(yscrollcommand=scroll.set)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Cadre
|
||||
|
||||
Un cadre qui peut avoir une bordure et contenir d'autres widgets.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
frame = ttk.Frame(root, borderwidth=5, relief="ridge", width=200, height=100)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Les options ne sont pas obligatoires.
|
||||
|
||||
Le cadre contient ses propres lignes et colonnes.
|
||||
Pour placer des widgets dedans, il suffit de remplacer `root` par `frame` en les créant.
|
||||
|
||||
### Barre de menus
|
||||
|
||||
La barre de menus en haut de la fenêtre.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
root.option_add('*tearOff', False)
|
||||
menubar = tk.Menu(root)
|
||||
root['menu'] = menubar
|
||||
|
||||
menu_file = tk.Menu(menubar)
|
||||
menu_edit = tk.Menu(menubar)
|
||||
|
||||
menubar.add_cascade(menu=menu_file, label='Fichier')
|
||||
menubar.add_cascade(menu=menu_edit, label='Édition')
|
||||
|
||||
menu_file.add_command(label='Ouvrir', command=on_open)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Canevas
|
||||
|
||||
Le canevas est une zone de dessin.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, background='white')
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
On peut y dessiner des formes :
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
canvas.create_line(x1, y1, x2, y2)
|
||||
canvas.create_line(x1, y1, x2, y2, fill="red", width=3, dash=6)
|
||||
canvas.create_rectangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, fill="red", outline="blue")
|
||||
canvas.create_oval(x1, y1, x2, y2, fill="red", outline="blue")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Événements
|
||||
|
||||
Quand il se passe quelque chose sur un widget, un événement est généré.
|
||||
On peut écouter les événements de certains types, c'est-à-dire lancer une fonction quand l'action se produit.
|
||||
|
||||
Par exemple, on affiche des informations quand une touche du clavier est relâchée dans la zone de texte :
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
text = tk.Text(root)
|
||||
|
||||
def onrelease(event):
|
||||
print("On a frappé le clavier !")
|
||||
print(event)
|
||||
|
||||
area.bind("<KeyRelease>", onrelease)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
On peut aussi utiliser les infos contenues dans l'événement, par exemple `event.keycode`.
|
||||
|
||||
### Liste des événements
|
||||
|
||||
* Souris
|
||||
* `ButtonPress`: clic enfoncé d'un bouton de la souris
|
||||
* `Button-1`: comme `ButtonPress` mais seulement pour le clic gauche
|
||||
* `Button-2`: comme `ButtonPress` mais seulement pour le clic molette
|
||||
* `Button-3`: comme `ButtonPress` mais seulement pour le clic droit
|
||||
* `ButtonRelease`: clic relâché d'un bouton de la souris
|
||||
* `Double-1`: double-clic gauche
|
||||
* `Double-3`: double-clic droit
|
||||
* `Enter`: le pointeur de la souris entre
|
||||
* `Leave`: le pointeur de la souris sort
|
||||
* `Motion`: le pointeur de la souris bouge dedans
|
||||
* `B1-Motion`: comme `Motion` mais avec le clic gauche enfoncé
|
||||
* `B2-Motion`: comme `Motion` mais avec le clic molette enfoncé
|
||||
* `B3-Motion`: comme `Motion` mais avec le clic droit enfoncé
|
||||
* Clavier
|
||||
* `KeyPress`: appui d'une touche du clavier
|
||||
* `KeyRelease`: relâche d'une touche du clavier
|
||||
* Widget
|
||||
* `Configure`: le widget est créé
|
||||
* `Expose`: le widget est affiché ou réaffiché
|
||||
* `FocusIn`: le widget reçoit le focus
|
||||
* `FocusOut`: le widget pert le focus
|
||||
|
||||
## Dialogues
|
||||
|
||||
On peut ouvrir des fenêtres pour dire ou demander des choses.
|
||||
|
||||
### Fichiers
|
||||
|
||||
Demander où enregistrer un fichier, quel fichier ouvrir, choisir un dossier.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
from tkinter import filedialog
|
||||
|
||||
filetypes = [
|
||||
("Texte", "*.txt"),
|
||||
("Image PNG", "*.png"),
|
||||
("Autre", "*.*")
|
||||
]
|
||||
chemin = tk.filedialog.asksaveasfilename(filetypes=filetypes)
|
||||
print(chemin)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
On peut remplacer `asksaveasfilename` par `askopenfilename` ou `askdirectory`.
|
||||
|
||||
### Couleur
|
||||
|
||||
Demander de choisir une couleur.
|
||||
|
||||
```python
|
||||
from tkinter import colorchooser
|
||||
|
||||
color = colorchooser.askcolor(initialcolor='black')
|
||||
print(color)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
On peut aussi indiquer la couleur initiale avec sa notation hexadécimale `"#000000"`.
|
||||
BIN
tutorial.pdf
Normal file
BIN
tutorial.pdf
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
Loading…
Add table
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Reference in a new issue